DIY Wi-Fi Wireless Switch For Smart Home With ABS Shell Socket Remote Control Switch Module is an IoT home automation device. This device, also known as Sonoff from ITEAD, can control 110V to 230V AC mains power on/off (up to 7A or 10A depending on document). The switch is controlled with mobile app (or local buttom). The control works so that this IoT device uses WiFi Internet communications to cloud serrvice. For more details read User Guide for ITEAD Smart Home Devices.

Specifications:

Power: <=0.5W

Rate Voltage: 100-260V

Control mode: Mobile APP (Android, iOS)

Transmission mode: Wi-Fi communication;

Power: 7A/1500W

Thsi device is maybe the cheapest IoT which that can control 230V power wirh iPhone and Android. This is ready to use device as it is. I am disappointed since I need to use and install an external app to use it. The app did not feel to be good or reliable (problems in getting the device detected and connected to home WiFi etc..)

It can be also customized if you want. The device is based on very popular ESP8266 IoT chip. The firmware inside device can be flashed just like any other ESP8266 dev board, there is even programming contacts easily accessible (place to solder pin header).

Let’s look what is inside this device. Here is the box the Sonoff IoT swiching device came to me:

Here is picture of the device itself (I had already added mains input cable to it).

For cable connection the device provides normal OK screw terminals.

The case protects the screws well and works as strain relief for the mains cable.

Let’s open the main case to see the electronics inside.

The circuit board looks nice.

On this side of the board the biggest components are the mains power controlling relay and power supply transformer. The IC you see on the circuit board is iW1700 switch mode power supply IC. On the left side the blue disk is VDR that protects agains overvoltage. The big grey resistor is “fusible resistor” that acts like surge current limiter and serious overload protection (like fuse).

On hte bottom of the board the most important components are ESP8266, rectifier and voltage regulator.  The swich mode power supply generates 5V power that is used directly for the relay coil. The 3.3V for ESP8266 is made with linear regulator from that 5V.

Take a note on the cut-outs on the circuit board, they are here to make sure that the mains power traces don’t be too near to each other (to make short circuit).

For more details on the actual circuit details, refers to the schematic available at http://www.communica.co.za/Content/Catalog/Documents/D0917396801.pdf

Links to more information

ITEAD Sonoff and Slampher Review (and Teardown)

http://www.chet.ie/?p=240

Sonoff more information:

https://www.itead.cc/sonoff-wifi-wireless-switch.html

https://www.itead.cc/wiki/Sonoff_Smart_Home_Solution

https://www.itead.cc/blog/user-guide-for-sonoff-slampher

https://www.element14.com/community/groups/internet-of-things/blog/2015/12/25/itead-studio-sonoff-and-slampher-low-cost-smart-home-solution–review

https://www.domoticz.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=9670

http://www.chet.ie/?p=240

http://www.banggood.com/DIY-Wi-Fi-Wireless-Switch-For-Smart-Home-With-ABS-Shell-p-1019971.html

https://www.itead.cc/sonoff-wifi-wireless-switch.html

http://tech.scargill.net/itead-slampher-and-sonoff/

http://blog.squix.org/2016/01/esp8266-products-hitting-market.html

https://hackspark.fr/en/sonoff-esp8266-wifi-smart-relay-switch.html

http://electronicopensource.blogspot.fi/

http://www.communica.co.za/catalog/Details/P0240254864

http://tech.scargill.net/itead-slampher-and-sonoff/

https://nathan.chantrell.net/20160422/esp8266-relay-modules-from-itead-and-electrodragon/

Schematic

http://www.communica.co.za/Content/Catalog/Documents/D0917396801.pdf

Component data

http://www.dialog-semiconductor.com/sites/default/files/iw1700-datasheet.pdf

https://www.itead.cc/wiki/AC-DC_Power_Module_5V_500mA

http://www.futureelectronics.com/en/technologies/electromechanical/relays/power-relays/Pages/9002503-HF32F-G-05-HS%20(257).aspx?IM=0

http://www.hongfa.com/pro/pdf/HF32F-G_en.pdf

Alternative firmware

https://bitbucket.org/xoseperez/espurna

Here is teardown of another cheap USB charger bought some time ago for around two euros from some chinese online shop. Brand “Designed by Able” Model 1300.

Label

Circuit board

Closeup of circuit board

One finding is that rectifier is replaced with diode, meaning that this half-wave rectifies mains power.

Other findings:

- The switcher circuit is based on two transistors (SW 13003 and UTC S8030) and optiosolator feedback

- There does not seem to be any fuse (or fusible resistor or other protection component) anywhere, the mains power is directly rectified with 1N4007 diode to main capactor

- The insulation distances between promary and secondary on the circuit board are quite small: shortest distance around 3 mm from solder to solder and slightly over 2 mm track-to-track

I don’t don’t thinks this is safe or good quality power supply. It might not be immediately dangerous, but the safely level is very low -I quess that this might not get though all the electrical safety regulations if gets tested by regulators.

If you need USB power supply, get something safer.

I have used some for time Barkan PB22B 2200mah Portable Charger Black to charge my smart Samsung S4 mini phone. I had some issues first that the charging was not reliable with my phone (worked well with some other devices). I decided to look what was wrong with USB Power Current Voltage Tester, and with it plugged between the portable charger and smart phone everything works fine without problems. So now I charge my phone on the go with Barkan PB22B 2200mah Portable Charger Black andUSB Power Current Voltage Tester.

One day the case felt a little bit loose, I decided to look what’s is inside.

Take a closer look at the electronics built around 134HOP (or 134H0P) chip (for which I could not find data sheet with quick Google search):

Here is a close look at the Li-ion battery on the device.

From the data on battery, the battery pack can hold 2200 mAh charge at 3.7V. When I charge phone with it, I will get less than 2200 mAh of 5V power, because the voltage needs to be boosted from 3.7V to 5V with swith mode power supply. With ideal power supply I would get around 1600 mAh at 5V USB output, with real life power supply circuit with some losses I get less than (expect to loose 10-20% of power on the power conversion).

This is quite typical situation on USB portable chargers. They are marketed with battery manufacturer promised mAh rating on the battery itself, not the actual mAh you will get from the device when you charge your phone with it.

Big wall size video displays has been available from quite bit of time. Very many modern big displays are built using LED technologies that I covered yesterday in Big LED video display technology posting. This article covers some of the older technologies how big wall size video displays have been built.

Before huge video displays everywhere the biggest moving picture was made in movie theater using cinema projector. Motion Picture Persistence of Vision: “How You See It” 1936 Chevrolet 8min video tells the basics of cinema projector operation.

For more details on cinema projector technology, I recommends to watch video series Extreme teardown – Simplex 35mm cinema projector (7 parts).  It is best idea to from intro  but I selected here interesting part 4 that has good overview of the projector:

Nowdays to get big picture on screen video projectors are used. Extreme teardown – NEC XT5000 Projector video shows what is inside once a very expensive ($42K) NEC XT5000 projector.

A jumbotron is a large-screen television using technology developed by Sony. It is used in sports stadiums and concert venues to show close up shots of the even. JumboTron was recognized as one of the largest non-projection video displays ever manufactured. Originally, it was not an LED based (like many displays today), but was based on many flood-beam CRTs. Sony Jumbotron extreme teardown video shows what is inside a CRT module from an old Jumbotron huge-screen display.

One way to build big displays is to use many flat screen monitors in a multi-screen installation. Earlier this kind of systems used to be built using special multi monitor video processors, but nowadays they are more and more built using computers with video cards that have output for many monitors or using computer clusters. How to set up a Video Wall in Ventuz is a short video that will show you how easy it is to set up a video wall with a machine cluster using Ventuz graphics software.

How To Make a Video Wall video shows an example how to make/deploy a video wall using a standard PC and long-lasting zero clients connected with Ethernet infrastructure.

If you are looking for open source software for video wall, check PiWall system that uses one master computer (Linux PC or Raspberry Pi) and one Raspberry Pi “tile” computer for each screen in your PiWall. CCFE Raspberry Pi videowall video shows a a demonstration of the nine-screen videowall CCFE has developed using a Raspberry Pi-based control system.

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source or mains power fails. The on-battery runtime of most uninterruptible power sources is relatively short (only a few minutes) but sufficient to start a standby power source or properly shut down the protected equipment. A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers, data centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical equipment where an unexpected power disruption can cause serious problems.

In this tear-down I take a look at what is inside Trust Power Master PW-4095T – UPS – 950 VA UPS. First take a look at some basic information and the specifications on the device. This device is marketed as a reliable 950 VA UPS mains power protector for office and home usage. This device is designed to work with 230V AC voltage (can accept AC 170 – 280 V). It has Power Capacity of 950 VA. It uses line interactive UPS technology.

What is inside Trust Power Master PW-4095T – UPS – 950 VA UPS?

Here is view to the electronics.

There is main circuit board on the left. The heavy parts, battery and transformer, are on the right. The battery is clearly broken.

Here is a closer look at the main circuit board. It is interesting that the high current carrying wires going to transformer are bolted to the inverter switching transformer heatsinks. There are several relays on the circuit board, and I quess they are used to implement the input mains power transfer switch functionality and transformer tap switching for voltage regulation. The small circuit board sticking on the right is the telephone line surge protector. For mains power surge protection there seems to be a yellow VDR near mains power connector on the right.

A look at the specification of the broken battery. It looks like quite normal 12V sealed battery .The battery type is HR1234W from CSB battery. According to battery data sheet the battery has 34W @15min-rate to 1.67V per cell @25°C and maximum 130A discharge current.

Besides the battery, the transformer is also pretty big, because it needs to handle that 950 VA power.

This teardown ends here. Now some UPS theory related to this device:

According to APC white paper on different types of UPS systems Line Interactive is is the most common UPS design used for small business, Web, and departmental servers. In this design, the battery-to-AC power converter (inverter) is always connected to the output of the UPS. When the input AC power is normal, the inverter circuit works in “reverse mode” charging the batttery. When the input power fails, the transfer switch opens (disconnects the mains input connector from outputs) and the power flows from the battery to the UPS output (generates mains output waveform to output). You can find block diagrams of line ineractive UPS system from APC white paper  and pcguide.com.

The inverter/converter is also normally fitted with circuitry to filter out noise and spikes. Line Interactive design usually incorporates a tap-changing transformer to provide means of voltage regulation by adjusting transformer taps as the input voltage varies. This topology is inherently very efficient.  According to Line-interactive vs On-line Network UPS Systems and Which Should You Choose? article at the most basic level, line-interactive UPS systems are less expensive than on-line UPS systems (approximately 20 to 40% less, depending on the model and manufacturer), but they also provide less protection than on-line UPS systems.

Here are some interesting videos on professional audio and video technologies field:

Mini backstage tour of the control area video takes a quick look at some of the stuff in the main control area of a big show.

The next videos show what is inside some of the audio and video equipment:

EEVblog #840 – Yamaha M3000 Mixing Console Teardown video shows how Dave from EEVBlog  tears down a monster of a mixing console.

EEVblog #738 – Yamaha DME32 Digital Mixer Teardow video shows what is inside a professional 24bit digital audio mixer.

EEVblog #598 – Sony DME7000 Video Multi Effects Processor Teardown video shows what is inside a professional Sony MDE7000 Video Effects Processor, as used in TV stations and video production facilities.

EEVblog #569 – Tour of an Analog TV Transmission Facility video takes us on a detailed tour of the old decommissioned 10kW analog TV transmission system

http://www.edn.com/design/consumer/4443249/Teardown–Drone-streams-live-video?_mc=sm_edn&hootPostID=aace25fdd6ccde81d57b00797e517d7a

Look at this tiny video streaming drone teardown.

Some time ago I built Avalanche pulse generator circuit. In that project I used a slightly odd car to “mains” adaptor device as the DC/DC converter to generate the voltage (around 100V) needed to power the avalanche circuit. Here is view of that part of Avalanche pulse generator circuit:

I had bought that device that was marketed as card DC to AC converter (while actually putting put DC), then not used it for intended purpose because it was not suitable for that. I had planned few times to make a tear-down of it for this blog (as an example of not very good device), but never ended up doing that.

Today I found out that there is a tear-down video of the same, or very similar device. Inside a slightly bizarre car to “mains” adaptor video made by bigclivedotcom goes into details of that is inside this power converter:

Some details picked from YouTube video description:

“for running older plug-in power supplies for equipment that doesn’t use a standard USB style connector”

“The device also has a very badly implemented USB port”

“The mains socket on the front actually puts out DC at a voltage that floats between about 90V to 200V+, so is only suited to universal switchmode power supplies that already convert the incoming mains to DC.”

Recently, the media has been on discussion on making the country roads to be controlled by private company and Finnish cars envisaged the so-called mandatory. black box. On this discussion it has been several times mentioned that the Finnish Government has planned a mandatory monitoring devices for all cars to collect “road tax” based on how much cars are used. Some parties have seen that the black box can be a viable option for collecting motoring taxes in the future in a new way. For example, if applied for Employment and the Economy Ministry of the so-called. energy support electric cars , tracking device in the car was a mandatory period of three years. Several Finnish companies have been willing to sell such devices for this purpose. New ways of road-use preparations began for the Ministry of Transport already during the previous government. Mileage-based road user fee based on satellite positioning idea was proposed in statement Jorma Ollila Working Group.

The Finnish Transport Safety Agency Trafi has already tested the Semel sold devices on more than thousand cars as one implementation of the kilometer-based monitoring. Trafi has tested the cars installed “black box”, which tells the authorities where the car is driven, in 2900 cars. It can send data on position and speed. Trafi and telecom operator that have been doing the test have been satisfied with the results of tests. For example, if applied for Employment and the Economy Ministry of the so-called. energy support electric cars , tracking device in the car was a mandatory period of three years.

The GPS tracking device sold buy Semel is quick to set up: attaching it to your car’s dashboard with double-sided  tape takes only takes a few minutes and then plug to OBD if needed.  The device costs a few dozen euros to a couple of hundred euros, depending on the features.

What about security – whether the system is protected in such a way that it can not be tampered with? 

- None of the device is not one hundred percent sure, but there are ways to protect that information. The device sends only one address information.

The question has been on protection of privacy and data protection of motorists. It turned out that due to a security issue garish cars containing these black boxes could be followed in real time via the Internet.

Tivi told last week that the follow-up of cars in Finland within the meaning of “black box” found an error, as a result of the location information was viewed by anyone on the internet. The security was practically none: It turned out that by knowing the 6 digit serial number, the cars could be followed in real-time on the company (Semel) web site. When on the website chose the black box and type the 6-digit identifier, the page began to head to the coordinates of a car display. These coordinates will be able to strike eg. Google Maps and see where the cars are going (Sunday 08/01/2017). This issue (was active on-line for week or two) that been fixed now, at least in the way that the same trick does not work anymore. The exact locations of Sonera Mobile test run was kind of service users has been the Internet visible to anyone for several days or even weeks. “It was specifically Finnish mistake”, says Semel CEO Börje Nummelin.

But the story does not end here, because the tracking system had also other problems. I was on weekend at Disobey hacker event where people hacked that GPS tracking device. I saw what was inside Semel GPS tracker “black box”:

This closeup shows the GPS antenna in the center, QUETEL GPS receiving module (has serial data output) on the left and Antennova cellular antenna on the right.

On the other side you see Cinterion cellular module (serial and USB inerfaces), main processor (there are some pins on the case that carry JTAG signals), USB connector and car interfacing connector (that has for example CAN bus implemented in it).

Here is component list.

The hacker Event Disobey participants found the device to an even worse weekend vulnerability. The investigation showed that the device may be physical possession, the technology is easily manipulated harmful purposes. The vulnerability could be used to steal personal data motorist and car control equipment management.

“We found a serious vulnerability in the device,” said the main organizer of the event Benjamin Särkkä. The box was manufactured by WirelessLinks and sold by Finnish company Semel. If some person gets physical access to the device (USB interface for example), it is possible to change what the device does I was told. The vulnerability allows you to change device settings, so that an outsider can follow your movements in real time the data transmitted by the GPS device allows. So this was just another embedded IoT box with bad security built-in. Tracking and payment systems selling Semel Oy’s President and CEO Börje Nummelin is not a hacker with the absolutely agree with the company’s “black box” data protection observations have been made. Semel has openly cooperate with the hacker community and Semel announced the corrective measures after consulting the found vulnerability.

What happened after those findings came at the annoying moment for politicians? Just few days after the event, coalition transport infrastructure maintenance overhauls we are in favor, although there also criticized motorists digital GPS-monitoring. It would break the fundamental rights. Movement control is knocked out completely. Therefore, ministers Berner and Sipilä now assert that the GPS tracking does not come.

Sources:

Suomalaisten autoihin kaavailluista seurantalaitteista löytyi karmea aukko

Karmea tietoturvamoka mustissa laatikoissa: Suomalaisautot seurattavissa netissä

Autoihin musta laatikko – testataan tuhannella suomalaisella

Lentokoneista tuttua “mustaa laatikkoa” testattu jo 2 900 autossa – tuleeko pakolliseksi?

”Nyt selvitetään, miten turvallinen auton musta laatikko on” – Pelottava havainto GPS-seurannasta herätti

Suomalaiset hakkerit löysivät mustasta laatikosta vieläkin pahemman haavoittuvuuden – “Alkeelliset suojaukset”

Yleisöltä: Bernerin hanke teiden yhtiöittämisestä näyttää liian isolta palalta purtavaksi

Ollilan työryhmä: Kokeiluin kohti kilometriverotusta

Jorma Ollilan työryhmä ehdottaa: Ajaminen kilometriverolle

Lehti: Berner autojen seurannasta vuosi sitten – ”Ei tule minkäänlaista seurantaa tai paikannusta”

Bernerin mallissa autot paikantaisi digiboksi, ei satelliitti

Tähänkö Bernerin ajama hanke johtaa? – Tietosuojavaltuutettu Kalevalle: Autojen gps-valvonta vaatinee perustuslain muuttamista

Aarnio: Autojen gps-valvonta vaatinee perustuslain muuttamista

Lännen Media: Bernerin ajama gps-seuranta harvinaista maailmalla

Disobey-hakkeritapahtuma järjestetään toista kertaa Helsingissä tammikuussa – Tietoturva – Ilta-Sanomat

Suomalaisessa Disobeyssa kisataan hakkeroinnissa ja harhauttamisessa – ”Pyrimme toimimaan harmaalla alueella”

Hakkerit mursivat autojen mustan laatikon – ”Asentaminen on tyhmä idea” – Tietoturva – Ilta-Sanomat

”Nyt selvitetään, miten turvallinen auton musta laatikko on” – Pelottava havainto GPS-seurannasta herätti | Uusi Suomi

Laitevalmistaja selittää mustien laatikkojen ongelmaa: ”Se oli suomeksi sanottuna moka” | Uusi Suomi

“Se oli suomeksi sanottuna moka” – laitetoimittaja selittää autojen sijaintitietojen paljastumista

Mustien laatikoiden myyjä ei vakuuttunut hakkereiden murrosta

Suomalaishakkerit tutkivat mustan laatikon: ”Vakava haavoittuvuus – suojaus on alkeellinen”

Hakkerit mursivat autojen ”mustan laatikon” – ”Siellä oli bootloader vastassa”

This is 150W 12V DC to 230V 50 Hz AC conveter designed to be used in car. It failed few days ago when powering a laptop. 

Let’s take a look what is inside.

Closer look. Here is DC power input filtering.. looks as quite ugly late add-on to design..

More circuit board details.

On the top left is protection circuit (undervoltage) with alarm buzzer.

Big transformer on center is for switch mode power supply that converts 12V DC to higher voltage DC (around 300V or so). The circuit on bottom left is low voltage side (transistors and 3525 control IC). 

High voltage output filtering capacitor is on right side of transformer.

Top right has output driving transistors (H-bridge). Output control logic consists of classic 556 dual timer IC and CD 4013.

Mains ouput has some filtring capacitors.

What was broken? I don’t know. It burns fuse if connected to car. Most propably short circuit on low or high voltage side. Maybe not worth of throuble to fix this over 10 years old device as new with similar specifications are available for 30 Euros or so at local sources (and maybe cheaper from China).

https://techcrunch.com/2017/04/24/juicero-may-be-the-absurd-avatar-of-silicon-valley-hubris-but-boy-is-it-well-engineered/?ncid=rss&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Techcrunch+%28TechCrunch%29&utm_content=FaceBook&sr_share=facebook

Ben Einstein, general partner at Bolt, served up this excellent teardown of the Juicero on the company blog. If you were wondering how a juice press could possibly cost $400… well, this is how.

I have earlier posted DC to AC inverter teardown that showed wat was inside one cheap “modified sinewave” inverter. Now I do a tear-down to a more expensive “true sineware” inverter PI150S from Velleman. This inverter convers 12V DC to nice sinewave 230V 50Hz AC power  (up to 150W).

View to front and back.

This unit that I have is broken (burns fuse), so let’s take a look what is inside.

There is comsiderably more electronics in this sinewave inverter than in simpler inverters I have seen.

Big transformer onupper right side is for switch mode power supply that converts 12V DC to higher voltage DC (I quess something around 300-400V or so). The switching conroler IC and transistors are next to transformer.

The ouput side that generaes the sinewave output looks quite complex. There is full control circuit board with several control ICs and quite many power transistors. On the output side after the output switching transistors there are several filtering coils and capacitors. There is for example one big coil on circuit board and common mode choke on the cable that goes to mains output connector.

What was broken? I don’t know. It burns fuse if connected to car 12V. If connected to lab power supply (that can outpuyt many amperes), pulls so much current that voltage drops to few volts.

I did not consider this worth to repair. I used his earlier to power a laptop in the car. I replaced this inverter + original mains power supply approach with universal 12V laptop power supply (more convient and smaller).

I bought some years go SILVERCREST Li-lon Rechargeable Handheld Vacuum Cleaner. After those years it does not work properly anymore: it runs just few seconds even though fully charged and then did not start at all. I thought that maybe batteries were going bad. Time for tear-down:

Gg

Opening the device…

Here is the elecronics. There is not very much. There is battery pack, control electronics board, elecrical motor and switch/LED board.

After some debugging it seems that the motor has gone bad. It needs quite a bit for force to rotate. It now takes so much current that overload protection on the circuit board kicks in before motor starts to rotate. The motor take many amperes of current from external power source when I removed it and tested with lab power supply. It seems clearly that there is something wrong on the motor.

I don’t think it is worth of the trouble to try to fix it. It is time to get a new handheld vacuum cleaner…

http://cobhamwireless.com/product/900mhz/d-sbr-3009/axel-wireless-products-014-3/

Such a repeater has the following main features: Axell 3009D - 900 MHz Software Defined Repeater, 25 dBm composite output power, 82 dB Gain, 12 sub-bands, individual gain and ALC, bandwidth settable by software IP65 rated enclosure.
Connectors

Inside view

Here is teardown of one cell phone repeater device

Why do cheap key feel so bad when typing. Let’s take a tear-down of one HP keyboard.

Let’s open it

Rubber makes the “keyboard bad feel”. I remenber rubber keyboard feel from Sinclair Spectrum (at 1983)…

Flexible circuit board material is used for switches

Circuit board

Not much to see on the other side of circuit board

What is inside this old mains power filter?

iFixit Teardown Gives First Look at iPhone 8′s Guts. View IFixit iPhone 8 Teardown to  find out if Apple’s playing a game of mere numerical catch-up to Samsung’s Galaxy S8 line, or if glass backing and wireless charging warrants skipping ahead a grade. iFixit’s iPhone 8 teardown shows that you really don’t want to crack that glass back

iPhone 8 Teardown: Faster Intel Modem And Pricey Memory Chips article tells about new iPhone 8 is a lot like the iPhone 7 both outside and in, but it’s costing Apple a bit more to make. Tech research firm TechInsights tore into the iPhone 8 Plus — the A1897 model — with 256 gigabytes of storage. The firm estimated the iPhone 8′s component costs come out to $367.50, up from $334.50 for the iPhone 7 Plus with 256GB.

5 things we just learned from the iPhone 8 teardown:

1. The iPhone 8′s battery is… smaller?

2. The iPhone 8 modem is technically Gigabit LTE-ready

3. If that glass back cracks, it won’t be easy to replace

4. How the iPhone’s wireless charging works

5. Inside, the Lightning port matches the phone’s color

According to Here’s What’s Inside the iPhone 8 article the the A11 Bionic chip sits above 2GB of built-in RAM. The iPhone 8 uses the Qualcomm Snapdragon X16 LTE modem and other components from Skyworks and Avago. NXP delivers the near-field communications (NFC) module. Toshiba supplied the 64GB of storage memory on the handset iFixit took apart. (Not all iPhone 8s may have the same part suppliers.)

We already showed you what’s inside the iPhone 8—but what about the 8 Plus? Check out iPhone 8 Plus Teardown

Here is one teardown of one microSD to SD card fotrmat adapter.

I have earlier posted about soldering irons. Here is a continuation to it with a set of interesting soldering iron tear-down and DIY videos from YouTube.

Inside the cheapest soldering iron on ebay.

How To Make a MINI USB Power Soldering Iron

Hot! Hot! Hot! Weller ROBUST Soldering Gun, BEB #21

Homemade Soldering Gun

How To make Powerful Soldering Gun